SEOUL - South Korean opposition lawmakers said on Thursday they would vote this weekend to impeach President Yoon Suk-yeol for his botched attempt to impose martial law, and police said they were investigating claims of treason against him and top ministers.
Yoon's declaration of martial law late on Tuesday sought to consolidate power, ban political activity and censor the media.
It sparked outrage in the streets and concern among South Korea's international allies. The defense minister, who recommended the move, has resigned.
READ MORE: S. Korean president faces impeachment after martial law debacle
Lawmakers of the opposition Democratic Party planned to seek a vote in parliament to impeach Yoon at about 7 pm (1000 GMT) on Saturday, a party spokesperson told reporters.
"The Yoon Suk-yeol regime's declaration of emergency martial law caused great confusion and fear among our people," Democratic Party lawmaker Kim Seung-won told the National Assembly earlier.
Yoon's ruling People Power Party is divided over the crisis but said it would oppose impeachment, with the party in turmoil and two years left in Yoon's five-year term.
The Democratic Party needs at least eight of the 108 ruling-party lawmakers to back the bill for it to pass with a two-thirds majority in the 300-seat parliament.
Fighting for his political future, Yoon accepted the resignation of Defense Minister Kim Yong-hyun on Thursday and nominated his ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Choi Byung-hyuk, as a replacement.
READ MORE: US says 'relieved' after South Korea lifts martial law
Kim had recommended Yoon declare martial law on Tuesday, according to the interior minister, a senior military official and the opposition's filing to impeach Yoon.
Kim also ordered the deployment of troops to the parliament, Vice-Defense Minister Kim Seon-ho said, adding that he was unaware of the martial law order until Yoon declared it.
"I have fundamentally opposed the mobilization of military forces under martial law and have expressed negative opinions about it," Kim Seon-ho told a parliament hearing on Thursday, apologizing and taking responsibility for failing to prevent it.
South Korea's army chief has also offered to resign, the Yonhap news agency said.
Instability alarms
Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba said Japan's "security situation may be fundamentally changed".
ALSO READ: HK tourists in South Korea ‘unaffected’ by crisis
"What will happen to South Korea? There appears to be a great deal of domestic criticism and opposition," he told parliament, adding that Yoon's efforts to improve relations with Tokyo "must never be undermined".
On Wednesday, Secretary of State Antony Blinken told Reuters the United States had not been made aware in advance of Yoon's declaration, while his deputy, Kurt Campbell, said Yoon had badly misjudged it.
The United States has 28,500 troops stationed in South Korea.
The commander of US Forces-Korea, General Paul LaCamera, warned American troops to stay vigilant, avoid areas with protests, and tell superiors of travel plans in case "something unexpected" happens.
Night of chaos
The impeachment plan follows a night of chaos after Yoon declared martial law and armed troops attempted to force their way into the National Assembly building in Seoul, only to stand back when parliamentary aides sprayed them with fire extinguishers.
READ MORE: South Korea prosecutors drop charges against first lady over luxury bag, Yonhap reports
The commander of the martial law troops said he had no intention of wielding firearms against the public, and Kim, the vice-defense minister, said no live ammunition had been provided to those troops.
"The people and the aides who protected parliament protected us with their bodies. The people won, and it's now time for us to protect the people," the Democratic Party's Kim said.
Many protesters said they feared a return to the dictatorships and martial law that marked much of South Korea's post-war period.
"For the sake of my children, this must be stopped no matter what," one protester, Kim Hye-Min, said on Thursday at a demonstration outside parliament. "We cannot go back to the 1970s."
READ MORE: South Korea rushes to stabilize markets after Yoon's martial law bid
The crisis rattled global financial markets and South Korea's benchmark KOSPI index. Currency dealers reported suspected state intervention on Wednesday to keep the won stable.
If the impeachment bill passes, South Korea's Constitutional Court will then decide whether to uphold the motion – a process that could take up to 180 days.
If Yoon were to be suspended from exercising power, Prime Minister Han Duck-soo would fill in as leader.
ALSO READ: Yonhap: S. Korea opposition leader indicted for misuse of public funds
If Yoon resigned or was removed from office, a new election would be held within 60 days.
Yoon, a career prosecutor, squeezed out a victory in the tightest presidential election in South Korean history in 2022, riding a wave of discontent over economic policy, scandals and gender wars.
But his support ratings have been at around 20 percent for months and the opposition captured nearly two-thirds of parliament seats in an April election.