Digital literacy is essential for active social participation in today’s increasingly digital world. Yet, many older adults face significant barriers because of their limited familiarity with complex mobile devices and online platforms. This lack of proficiency hampers their ability to connect with family and friends. It restricts access to essential services, information, and opportunities for social engagement. As a result, older adults risk becoming isolated in a society that increasingly relies on technology for communication and access to resources.
The challenges older adults encounter in navigating the digital landscape are numerous and multifaceted. Cognitive decline affects memory and learning capabilities, making it difficult for seniors to grasp new technologies. Physical obstacles, such as vision impairments and reduced dexterity, further complicate their ability to use digital devices effectively. Additionally, many seniors live alone and lack the support of family or friends nearby to assist them in overcoming these challenges. This absence of assistance can intensify loneliness and alienation in an already complex online environment.
The urgency of addressing these issues is underscored by significant demographic shifts within our population, particularly those aged 65 and older. According to projections released by the Census and Statistics Department in August 2023, this age group is expected to rise nearly 90 percent, from 1.45 million in 2021 to 2.74 million by 2046. Consequently, within just over 20 years, one in every three people in Hong Kong will be over 65. This demographic trend highlights the critical need for immediate and effective initiatives to support an aging population, particularly in digital literacy.
To gain deeper insights into the technology issues facing older adults, colleagues from our organization engaged with the Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Welfare Council (HKSKHWC), which operates 105 centers and units across the city, including 46 elderly care service units. They also visited St Matthew’s Neighbourhood Elderly Centre, where they interviewed older adults participating in the Jockey Club Digital Tablet and Online Support Programme for Homebound Elderly. This program aligns with the HKSKHWC’s SmartConnect initiative, both of which aim to empower young volunteers to teach older individuals how to use digital devices effectively.
These initiatives provide vital skills while fostering intergenerational connections. They allow younger individuals to contribute meaningfully to society and learn valuable life lessons. The emphasis on intergenerational learning helps seniors acquire digital skills and bridges the gap between generations, creating a more cohesive community.
Most interviewees reported using their devices primarily for messaging and calls. However, they were eager to learn about other applications and functionalities. Familiar challenges included unfamiliarity with device features, navigation difficulties, and password management.
Therefore, training programs must employ teaching strategies tailored to individual needs and address various challenges. Training often occurs in small groups or one-on-one sessions, especially for seniors with limited education or those on low incomes. One-on-one training has proven effective in building trust and confidence, helping alleviate the fear of technology many marginalized individuals experience. Conversely, online courses benefit those with higher proficiency levels, allowing for a more customized learning experience that meets the diverse needs of older adults.
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government and NGOs are working tirelessly to address the various technological challenges older adults face. The Information and Communications Technology Outreach Programme for the Elderly was established to collaborate with NGOs and engage with seniors in residential care homes, daycare centers, and those receiving home care. These programs offer a range of activities designed to familiarize older adults with technology and encourage them to embrace it.
Furthermore, the recently launched Digital Policy Office aims to strengthen focus and advocate for digital inclusion initiatives. In line with this effort, the 2024-25 Budget announced that the Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development Fund will allocate HK$100 million ($12.85 million) to support NGOs implementing the Digital Inclusion Programme for the Elderlies.
While the government’s iAM Smart app reports high usage and expanding services, some areas can be improved. For example, the registration process could be streamlined to ensure greater convenience. Additionally, service counters at MTR stations and other public spaces often need clearer signage, making it easier for seniors to access their digital services. As the government continues to transition most public services online, there is an urgent need for more effective public education and promotional campaigns to raise awareness about these services and how to access them.
Compounding the challenges in our increasingly online lives are frequently frustrating and confusing user experiences on apps and websites. Poor design, broken links, and incompatibility across various devices and operating systems can deter seniors from using technology. Inefficient call centers and ineffective chatbots designed to improve customer service often fall short of expectations. The diminishing human interaction in these services can alienate users, erode trust, and undermine the accountability of service providers. Collectively, these factors exacerbate the problems facing older adults, creating a cycle of frustration and disengagement.
The implications of low levels of digital literacy among older adults extend far beyond individual challenges. According to the Asian Development Bank, one in four Asians will be over 60 by 2050. This demographic shift presents significant challenges for the region, particularly as aging populations may constrain economic growth and alter the balance of economic power. In this context, digital literacy becomes increasingly important in empowering older adults to participate fully in an evolving economy.
Demographic variations across Asia further complicate this issue. While East Asian countries are experiencing rapid aging, some South and Southeast Asian nations still have relatively young populations. This disparity in age distribution could lead to increased migration flows as nations with aging populations seek to address labor shortages by attracting foreign workers.
In this context, digital literacy initiatives can help bridge the generational gap and facilitate connections, allowing seniors to engage with newcomers and share their cultural heritage. Addressing the digital divide is not merely about technology; it’s about empowering older adults to thrive in a rapidly changing world. By investing in their digital skills, we can transform potential challenges into opportunities for growth, inclusion, and mutual understanding among all age groups.
Enhancing digital literacy among older adults is necessary and imperative for fostering an inclusive society. As Hong Kong and the broader Asian region continue to experience significant demographic shifts, it is crucial to prioritize initiatives that equip seniors with the digital skills they need. By fostering intergenerational connections and providing tailored support, we can ensure that older adults remain active participants in their communities, ultimately benefiting society.
Investing in digital literacy is an investment in our collective future, where every individual, regardless of age, can fully engage with the digital age.
The author is president of Our Hong Kong Foundation.
The views do not necessarily reflect those of China Daily.
